Glossary of Terms
Click on a letter to go to the listing of terms beginning with that letter.
0-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X-Y-Z
0-9
4-H program- LC-e
A
Abattoir
Acculturation
Agriculture of the Middle
Aggregate Nutrient Density Index (ANDI) -DS-e
Aggregation
Aggregator
Agrarian reform
Agricultural Experiment Stations
Agriprocessors
Agroecology
Agroforestry IA-e
Agrofuels
Alfalfa
Allotment gardens -LD-c
Allopathic
Alternative food systems MQC-C
Amaranth MS-e LL-e
Anemia
Animal rights
Animal unit mc-e, ns-c
Animal welfare
Annuals
Antibiotic resistance
Anti-dumping
Anti-nutritive
Apiary
Apitherapy CA-e
Aquaculture
Aquifer
Aronia
Artisan production DS-e
Aseptic Packaging
ATTRA
B
Backgrounding
Barriers to market entry
Basic grains
Bear market
Beekeeping
Beta carotene
Bhopal
Biennials aj-e
Big Gulp mc-c
Bioaccumulation
Biodynamics ML-c
Biofuels mc-c
Biointensive gardening (John Jeavons methods)
Biological nitrogen fixation
Biological pest control
Biopiracy
Bioprospecting LL-e
Bioterrorism
Box schemes
Brassica ML-e
Brand identity (branding)
Broilers
Broker
BSE (Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy)
Bt corn
Bull market
C
C3 plant
CAM plant
CAFO (Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation) mqc-c
California Central Valley
Calls
Capper Volstead Act of 1922
Carbon Footprint-TA-c
Carnivore MS-e
Carrying capacity NC-c
Cash Cows
Cash crop
Celiac disease
Cellulosic biofuels ML-c
Center for Rural Affairs
Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI)
Center pivots
Cereal crop
Certified Naturally Grown-LC-c
Certified Humane Raised and Handled (CHRH) mc-e cb-c
Chalaf
Chèvre (goat cheese)
CIMMYT (International Center for Wheat and Corn Breeding)
"Circle City Concept"
Circle K Diet
Civic agriculture
Clay soils
Climate zone
Closed waste cycles LL-e
Closed-cycle system
Coarse grains
CoBank
Cochineal
Cold frame
Collaborative Regional Alliance for Farmer Training (CRAFT) mqc-c
Colony Collapse Disorder mqc-c
Combines
Commissary
Commodity
Commodity crops
Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC)
Commodity marketing
Commodity speculation
Community-Based Participatory Research
Community Food Assessment (CFA)
Community Food Security (CFS)
Community Food Security Coalition (CFSC)
Community Food System -LD-c
Community garden ns-c
Community Land Trust
Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) mqc-c
Companion planting ns-c IA-c LL-e
Composting-TA-c
Comprehensive food planning
Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation (CAFO) mqc-c
Concentration ratios
Conservation easement
Conservation Reserve Program (CRP)
Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP)
Consultative Group on International Agriculture Research (CGIAR)
Consumer behavior
Controlled atmosphere storage
Conventional food system ns-c
Cooperative (Co-Op)
Cooperative Extension service
Cornucopia Institute KAC-e
Cost and return estimates
Cost price squeeze
Cottage food operation MS-e
Country of Origin Labeling (COOL)
Cover crops IA-c
Cow-calf operation
Crop rotation
Cruciferous vegetable ns-e; aj-c
CSA (Community Supported Agriculture)
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
Cubic agriculture
Cuisine cas - e
Culinary identity mqc-c
D
DATCP (Department of Agriculture, Trade & Consumer Protection) ML-c
Dead zones
Deep ecology mc-c
Demeter Association
Department of Natural Resources (DNR)
Desertification ns-e; aj-c
Diatomaceous earth
Dietary guidelines ar-c
Diet-related disease ar-e mqc-c
Direct marketing
Distribution
Distribution hub
Distributor
Diverse Economy LL-e
Doha Round MS-c
Domestication LL-e
Double cropping
Double digging aj-e IA-c
Drive-ups
Dryland agriculture
Dumping
E
E coli O157 H7 ar-c
EBT (Electronic Benefit Transfer) (see Electronic Benefit Transfer) -LD-c
Eco-kosher MS-c
Eco-label
Ecological footprint ns-c, TA-c
Economy of scale
Economic Cluster
Edible landscaping DS-c
Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) [see: EBT (Electronic Benefit Transfer)] -LD-c
Embeddedness
Empty calories- LC-c
Endocrine disruptors kac-c
Energy Intensive Agriculture LL-c
EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) ar-c
Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP)
Environmental Working Group (EWG) kac-e
Erosion
Espalier
Ethylene gas
Eutrophication
Ever normal granary
Exotic species aj-e
Externalized costs of agriculture
F
Fair trade
Fair-Trade Labeling Organization (FLO) aj-e mqc-c
FairShare CSA Coalition
Fallow cas-c
Farm Aid
Farm Bill mc-c
Farm Business Incubator IA-e
Farm Credit System (FCS)
Farm Hack
Farm Labor Organizing Committee RJW-e
Farm Services Agency (FSA)
Farmer suicides
Farmers market kac-c
Farm to school cas-c
Farrowing mc-e, ns-c
Fast food ar-c
Feeding America cb-e
Fertilizer
FFA (formerly Future Farmers of America) aj-e, ar-c, LC-c
Fitness cas-e
Fleishig
Flexible localism- LC-c
Flextarian
Flood irrigation
Federal Milk Marketing Order system (FMMO)
Food access -LD-e
Food additives- LC-c
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ar-e; aj-c
Food bank cb-e
Food chain
Food citizen
Food Corps (program) ns-e; aj-c
Food distribution
Food desert ar-c/ mqc-c
Food fortification DS-e
Food gleaning RJW-c
Food insecurity ar-e; aj-c mqc-c
Food justice LD-c
Food labeling
Food miles
Food pantry cas-e
Food planning
Food policy mqc-e; aj-c
Food Policy Council (FPC)
Food preservation
Food product
Food provenance
Food pyramid
Food regimes
Food rescue RJW-e
Food safety
Food Safety Modernization Act
Food scare
Food security
Food self-sufficiency LD-e
Food service
Food sovereignty LD-c
Food Stamps (see Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program) -ML-c LC-moved to SNAP entry)
Food system
Food system tiers
Food truck
Foodborne illness ar-e aj-c
Foodshed ns-c
Fortification (vitamin, mineral)
Forward contracting
Forward integration
Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA)
Free range
Fruitarian
Fruit and Vegetable Prescription Program (FVRx):
Fruits and Vegetables - More Matters
Functional food
Furrow irrigation
Futures markets
G
Genetically engineered (GE)-LC-c
Genetically Modified Organism (GMO)-LC-c
Genetic pollution
Glatt
Gleaner-TA-c cas-e
Global South
Gluten MS-e
Gluten-free
Glyphosate
GMO (Genetically Modified Organism)
Goiter
Golden Rice
Good Agricultural Practices (GAP)
Good Handling Practices (GHP)
Grafting
Grain-fed
Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration (GIPSA)
Grameen Bank
Grass-fed
Grass-finished
Green-washing RJW-c
Greenhouse
Greenhouse gas
Green manure
Green Revolution
Green roof
Greenbelt Movement
Groundwater contamination
H
Haber-Bosch Process LL-e
HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point)
Handler
Hatch Act
Hardiness zone CA-e
Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP)
Hedging
Heirloom mqc-c
Heksher
Hekhsher Tzedek
Herb
Herbivore
Heritage breed mc-c
High-fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS)
Hoof and Mouth Disease
Hoop houses
Hudson Valley Seed Library
Humane animal husbandry
Hybrid vigor
Hybrids
Hydroponics DS-c
I
Industrial Agrifoods Complex
Industrial Food System
Indirect marketing
Informal economy
Innovators’ Rent
Inorganic fertilizer
Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy (IATP) KAC-e
Institutional buyer
Intercropping
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Integrative Model of Behavioral Prediction
Intensive Rotational Grazing (IRG)
International Center for Wheat and Corn Breeding (CIMMYT)
International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM)
International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI)
Invasive species RJW-e
Irradiation
Irrigation
Irrigation efficiency
K
Kasher
Kashrut RJW-c
Kitchen incubator
Kohlrabi mc-c
Kosher
Kosher-style cb-c
L
Labor constraints
Labor displacement
Lacto-ovo vegetarian cb-c
Lactose mc-c
Laissez faire
Land base
Land grabbing
Land-grant universities
Land tenure
Land trust
Land use
Landless movement
Law of Return
Layers
Least Developed Country (LDC)
Leguminous crops
Life-cycle analysis (LCA)
Lifestyles of Health and Sustainability (LOHAS)
Limited Resource Farmer or Rancher
Listeria monocytogenes
Livelihood analysis
Loamy soil
Loan Rates
Local cas - e
Local Trap
Local School Wellness Policy MS-c
Localism
Location Quotient
Locavore
Lodging (of grains)
Low Energy Precision Application (LEPA)
Loss leaders
M
Mad Cow Disease
Malthusian-LL-e
Management-Intensive Rotational Grazing (MIRG) ML-c
Manure lagoon
Margin calls
Marion Nestle CA-e
Market
Market basket study- LC-e
Market cycle
Market Economy-TA
Market integration
Market manager
Market windows
Marketing margins
Master Gardener (certification) CA-e
Mechanization
Menuing cas-e
Merchandising
Michael Pollan RJW-e
Micro-credit
Migrant worker mqc-e LD-c
Milk Income Loss Contract (MILC)
Milchig
Mineral
Mobile Food Pantry cas-c
Molecular gastronomy cb-e
Monetization of Food Aid
Monoculture
Moral Economy
Morrill Act
Midwest Food Processors Association (MWFPA)
Midwest Organic Services Association (MOSA)
Mulch
Multifunctionality
Multilateral Organization
Multinational
MyPlate ar-e; aj-c
MyPyramid
N
National Animal Identification System (NAIS)
National Organic Program (NOP)
National Organic Standards Board (NOSB)
National School Lunch Program (NSLP) ns-e; aj-c
National Young Farmers' Coalition LD-e
Native seeds
Natural colors and flavors (food additives)
Natural enemies mc-e, ns-c
Natural foods
Natural Step framework
Neoliberalism-TA-c
Niche marketing kac-c
Nitrate
Nitrite
Nitrogen cycle LL-c
Nitrogen fixing
Non-governmental organization (NGO)
Non-recourse loans
Non-therapeutic antibiotic use
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
No-till farming
NPK (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium)
NPK mentality
Nutraceuticals CA-e
Nutrient density
Nutrition
Nutritional supplement
O
Ogallala Aquifer
Oilseed crops
Omnivore
On-farm processing
Open pollination
Options
Organic KAC-c
Organic Consumers Association (OCA) KAC-e
Organic Crop Improvement Association (OCIA) KAC-e
Organic Foods Production Act (OFPA)
Organic label DS-c
Organic Materials Review Institute (OMRI)
Organic Trade Association (OTA)
Organophosphate
Out of season
P
Packinghouse
Palm oil
Pareve
Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA)
Pasture
Pastured poultry
Passively-heated greenhouse
Pasteurization
Pathogenic microbes
Pellagra
Penetration pricing
Perceived consumer effectiveness (PCE) kac-c
Perennial crops
Perennial polyculture IA-c
Perennials
Perishable Agriculture Commodity Act (PACA)
Peri-urban
Peri-urban agriculture CA-c
Permaculture IA-c
Pescatarian
Pesticide
Pesticide Action Network (PAN)
Pesticide leaching
Pesticide residues
Photoperiod insensitivity
Phytochemical
Phytoremediation
Pick-Your-Own (PYO)
PL 480
Planting fence row to fence row
Plasticulture
Pollinators
Pollination
POPs (Persistent Organic Pollutants)
Portion sizes
Post-harvest handling
Precautionary principle
Precision agriculture
Predator friendly cb-c
Preservation
Preservatives - e-DS
Price parity
Prions CA-c
Processor
Processed food
Produce auction
Producer-Only Farmers' Market e-NC
Production district
Production protocol
Property rights
Public health e-DS, LC-c
Purchase of development rights (PDR)
Puts
Q
Quinoa mqc-e
R
Rainfed agriculture
Raised beds
Raw Food
rBST (Recombinant Bovine Somatoropin)
rBGH (recombinant bovine growth hormone)
Red #40
Redlining
Regenerative agriculture- LC-e
Regional food ns-e, cas - c
Regional warehouse
Relay intercropping
Renewable energy
Resilience
Retailer
Riparian buffers CA-c
Risk management agency (RMA)
Roadside stand
Rooftop Garden NC-c
Root nodules
Rototiller
Round-Up Ready soybeans
Row covers
Ruminant mc-e, ns-c
S
Salinization
Salmonella ar-c
Sandy soil
Scanner data
Schechitah
Shochet
Season extension
Seasonality (of vegetable production)
Seed Bank LL-c
Seed Savers Exchange RJW-c
Seed saving
Seed sovereignty RJW-c
Self-pollinating
Senior Farmers Market Nutrition Program (SFMNP)
Sharecropping
Shelf-stable
Slash and burn (swidden agriculture)ML-e
Slotting fees
Slow Food
Slow Money
Smallholder
Social Ecological Model
Social Marketing
Soil compaction
Soil erosion
Soil fertility
Soil moisture content
Soil organic matter
Soil quality
Soil remediation
Soul food
Specialty crops
Spice
SPIN-Farming (Small Plot INtensive)
Sprinkler irrigation
Stakeholder analysis DS-c
Staple crops
State branding program
Storage crop
Structural adjustment
Subsidies
Sub-surface drip irrigation
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
Supply chain
Sustainability
Sustainable agriculture
Sustainable development
Sustainable food systems
Svalbard Global Seed Vault- RJW-e
SWOT Analysis
Synomorphy
T
Tariffication
Tariffs
TDR (Transfer of Development Rights)
Technology treadmill
Temporary special use
Terminator genes
Terracing
Terroir mc-c
Thrifty Food Plan- LC-e
Tiers of the food system
Toteponics
Traceability
Tragedy of the Commons
Transfer of Development Rights (TDR)
Transgenic technologies
Transnationals
Treif
Triangular food transactions
Tuber
Type II Diabetes ar-c
U
Ultra-high temperature pasteurization CA-c
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Universal Product Code (UPC)
U-Pick ns-c
Urban agriculture DS-c
Urban animal-keeping
Urban Beekeeping
Urban sprawl
Uruguay Round MS-e
USAID
USDA (United States Department of Agriculture)
USDA-Agricultural Marketing Service (USDA-AMS)
USDA-Economic Research Service (USDA-ERS)
USDA grading- LC-e
V
Vacant lot reclamation
Value-added product
Value chain
Values-based value chains
Vegan cb-e
Vegetarian
Vermicompost -MS-c
Vermiculture-TA-c
Vertical farming
Vetch
Via Campesina
Vitamin
Vitamin A deficiency
Viticulture
Voluntary food labeling
W
Water logging
Watershed
WHO (World Health Organization)ar-c
Wholesale terminal markets
Wholesaler
WIC (Women, Infants, and Children) ar-c
Wisconsin Apple Growers Association (WAGA) mc-c
Wisconsin Berry Growers Association (WBGA) mc-c
Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection (DATCP) cb-c
Wisconsin Potato and Vegetable Growers Assoc (WPVGA)
Wind breaks
WOOFing (Working On Organic Farms) mqc-e; aj-c
Worker-share program
World Food Day
World Food Summit cb-e MS-c
World Health Organization (WHO)-LC-c
World Trade Organization (WTO)
X-Y-Z
Yield Potential NC-c
Zoning
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